Cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem rau ib tug prover skid
Cov ntaub ntawv ua cov txheej txheem rau lub metering skid yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke, automated, thiab ntse ntsuas thiab tswj lub moj khaum. Ntawm nws qhov tseem ceeb, nws siv lub kaw - txheej txheem voj - encompassing "Sensing – xam – Control – Transmission – Management"- kom ua tiav qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb, tiag - lub sijhawm saib xyuas, thiab kev nyab xeeb cuam tshuam rau cov kua dej xws li cov pa roj thiab roj av. Nws ua tiav kev ua haujlwm logic yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws raws li hauv qab no:
I. System Architecture: Peb -Tiered Collaborative Structure
Niaj hnub nimno metering skid cov ntaub ntawv systems feem ntau txais ib "peb-tier architecture" tsim:
Sensing Layer (Field Instrumentation): Lub kaw lus "senses," lub luag haujlwm rau cov ntaub ntawv nyoos.
Control Layer (Core Controller): Lub kaw lus "lub hlwb," lub luag haujlwm rau kev suav cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev tswj xyuas logic.
Daim Ntawv Thov Txheej (Saib Platform): Lub kaw lus "hub," lub luag haujlwm rau kev pom cov ntaub ntawv, tswj chaw taws teeb, thiab tshuaj xyuas.
II. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tiav
1. Data Acquisition (Sensing Layer)
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb: Txhawm rau kom tau txais qhov tseeb- lub sijhawm lub cev tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov kua dej thiab cov khoom siv ua haujlwm.
Cov khoom siv tau txais:
Flowmeters: Turbine, ultrasonic, Coriolis huab hwm coj flowmeters, thiab lwm yam., ntsuas instantaneous thiab cumulative flow rates.
Transmitters: Siab thiab kub sensors, tau txais pipeline siab thiab media kub cov ntaub ntawv.
Cov cuab yeej pabcuam: Gas analyzers ( ntsuas qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab tus nqi calorific), densitometers, dej ntsuas cov ntsiab lus, thiab lub valve hloov pauv.
Cov Lus Qhia Tawm: Hloov lub cev kom muaj nuj nqis rau hauv cov qauv hluav taws xob (4-20mA analog) lossis cov cim digital (RS485, HART, Modbus).
2. Kev teeb tsa ua ntej thiab xa tawm
Kev Kho Cov Teeb Meem: Tus maub los (PLC / RTU) nthuav dav, lim, thiab cais cov cim tsis muaj zog kom tshem tawm kev cuam tshuam.
Kev Nyeem Cov Ntaub Ntawv: Kev xaiv tsa ib ntus thiab nyeem cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm txhua lub cuab yeej los ntawm kev tsim -hauv tsev qiv ntawv raws tu qauv (xws li Modbus-RTU).
Local Caching: Ib ntus khaws cov ntaub ntawv hauv tus tswj lub cim xeeb lossis SD daim npav los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv poob thaum muaj kev sib txuas lus cuam tshuam.
3. Core Computation and Compensation (Control Layer)
Qhov no yog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom paub tseeb qhov tseeb:
Kev ntsuas kub thiab qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntsuas
Txij li cov roj ntim muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov kev hloov pauv hauv qhov kub thiab txias, lub kaw lus cia li hloov qhov tseeb volumetric txaus tus nqi (ntawm kev ua haujlwm) mus rau hauv qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm tus qauv (20℃/ 0 degree, 101.325 kPa), siv cov roj zoo tagnrho lub xeev sib npaug lossis compressibility yam (Z). Formula: Qn=Q × (P/Pn) × (Tn/T) × Z
Kev hloov pauv loj / Zog
Incorporating gas muaj pes tsawg leeg cov ntaub ntawv (xws li, methane cov ntsiab lus), xam cov huab hwm coj txaus tus nqi thiab lub zog txaus tus nqi (calorific nqi).
Nquag thiab Statistics
Tiag - lub sij hawm xam ntawm txhua hnub, txhua hli, thiab txhua xyoo cov khoom ntws ntws; sau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, siab kawg, thiab qhov nruab nrab ntws.
4. Logic Control thiab kev ruaj ntseg interlocks
Tsis Siv Neeg Tswj: Ua -hauv PID algorithm kho qhov qhib ntawm lub valve tswj raws li cov ntsiab lus teeb tsa kom ruaj khov qhov hluav taws xob siab thiab ntws tus nqi.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Nyab Xeeb (Anomaly Handling):
Overpressure / Underpressure: Yog tias qhov siab tshaj qhov chaw pib, qhov kev nyab xeeb kaw -off valve yog tam sim ntawd actuated.
Flow Anomalies: Sudden flow fluctuations, over flow velocity, los yog xoom flow ua rau lub tswb thiab pib kaw - nqes zuj zus.
Leaks / Instrument Faults: Kev kuaj xyuas qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub sensor lossis kev sib txuas lus cuam tshuam ua rau lub suab nrov thiab pom lub tswb, nrog rau cov ntawv ceeb toom tej thaj chaw deb.
5. Tej thaj chaw deb kis tau tus mob (Kev sib txuas lus txheej)
Kev sib txuas lus hauv zos: Tus maub los txuas rau ntawm -site HMI (touchscreen) ntawm RS485 tsheb npav rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv zos tso saib thiab ua haujlwm.
Kev sib txuas lus tej thaj chaw deb:
Wired: Ethernet (TCP / IP) txuas rau cov nroj tsuag SCADA / DCS system.
Wireless: GPRS/4G/NB-IoT txuas rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau huab servers lossis lub chaw xa khoom hauv nruab nrab.
Kev Sib Txuas Lus: Siv kev lag luam- cov txheej txheem txheem (Modbus-TCP, IEC 60870-104, MQTT).
6. Cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, kev pom, thiab kev tswj hwm (Daim ntawv thov txheej)
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Cia: Lub hauv paus neeg rau zaub mov database (MySQL/PostgreSQL) muab sijhawm ntev - khaws cia (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 1 xyoos) rau cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm.
Saib xyuas Interface (SCADA):
Tiag -sijhawm txheej txheem cov duab kos duab, qauv nkhaus, thiab cov ntaub ntawv qhia.
Cov chaw taws teeb tswj kev hloov kho, tswj lub valve, thiab cov khoom pib / nres ua haujlwm.
Kev Tshaj Tawm thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb: Tsis siv neeg tsim cov ntawv qhia ua haujlwm, txhua hnub, thiab txhua hli; txhawb cov ntaub ntawv traceability thiab reconciliation.
Daim Ntawv Thov Txawb: Cov neeg ua haujlwm tswj xyuas tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov xwm txheej thiab tau txais kev ceeb toom tiag tiag - lub sijhawm ntawm lub app mobile.
III. Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Ib Yam (Piv txwv: Natural Gas)
0 ms: Cov kua dej ntws los ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas; sensors tsim cov mem tes lossis hluav taws xob teeb liab.
100 ms: PLC tau txais qhov ntsuas kub, siab, thiab ntws cov cim, ua haujlwm Analog- rau -Digital (A/D) conversion. 200ms: Ua ntsuas kub thiab siab them nyiaj algorithms los xam tus qauv- tus nqi ntws.
500ms: Hloov kho HMI cov zaub hauv zos thiab kuaj xyuas qhov txwv tsis pub ua txhaum cai.
1s: Xa cov ntaub ntawv pob khoom mus rau huab ntawm lub network.
Nruam: Sau tag nrho cov ntws, teev cov xwm txheej, thiab teb rau cov lus txib nyob deb.
IV. Ntsiab nta
High Precision: Los ntawm kev them nyiaj algorithmic, metering yuam kev yog feem ntau khaws cia hauv thaj tsam ntawm ± 0.5% txog ± 1.0%.
Kev ntseeg siab: muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj neeg saib xyuas, kev ua haujlwm tsis raug cai, lub zog- tiv thaiv tsis tau, thiab cov ntaub ntawv rov ua dua.
Kev nyab xeeb siab: suav nrog ntau- qib tswb, cuam tshuam kev tiv thaiv, thiab tawg- qauv tsim pov thawj (Exd II CT4).
Kev txawj ntse: Txhawb kev kuaj xyuas tej thaj chaw deb, OTA hloov tshiab, thiab cov ntaub ntawv loj analytics.
Cov ntsiab lus
Cov ntaub ntawv ua cov txheej txheem ntawm metering skid functions, hauv essence, raws li ib tug ntug xam node. Kev khiav lag luam autonomously ntawm qhov chaw muaj kev lag luam, nws ua tiav qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis siv neeg ua haujlwm tag nrho suav nrog "cov ntaub ntawv tau txais - precision xam - kaw- voj tswj - kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb - cov ntaub ntawv uploading. Nws ua haujlwm raws li cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv rau lub zog hluav taws xob thiab roj hluav taws xob - kev lag luam-ua kom muaj kev paub txog digitalized, ntse, thiab tswj tsis tau.
