Kev faib tawm thiab kev siv cov kua dej Loading thiab Unloading Arms
Kev thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob-feem ntau hu ua "crane pipes" (los yog cov caj npab thauj khoom)- ua lwm txoj rau cov roj hmab hoses rau kev xa cov kua los yog cov xov xwm cryogenic ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom, nkoj, thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Lawv raug cais raws li tsib qhov tseem ceeb - hom cab kuj, thauj khoom / tshem tawm txoj kev, nruab nrab yam ntxwv, tsav mechanism, thiab cov khoom siv- thiab raug xaiv kom phim cov kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. I. Los ntawm Chaw thau khoom / Unloading nruab nrab / Carrier (Mainstream Industry Classification)
1. Tsheb thauj khoom / Unloading caj npab (Txoj kev -raws li cov roj depots / Tshuaj cog chaw thau khoom racks)
Sab saum toj -loading caj npab rau cov tsheb thauj khoom Hauv qab- thauj caj npab rau cov tsheb thauj khoom
Structure: caj npab ntev 2-3m; hnav thiab compact; ib leeg-tus neeg ua haujlwm; me me tig radius
Diameter: Feem ntau DN80 / DN100; nruab nrab ntws tus nqi
Daim ntawv thov: Roj av, diesel, methanol, ethanol, cov tshuaj hnyav hnyav; cov chaw nres tsheb roj, cov chaw tso roj ntiag tug, me - cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thauj khoom
Sub- hom: Truss-style tsis siv neeg tsheb thauj khoom caj npab (3D txav, automated loading; tus qauv rau cov roj refined loj)
2. Railcar Loading / Unloading Arms (Railway tank tsheb thauj khoom racks)
Sab saum toj - thauj cov caj npab rau railcars
Structure: caj npab ntev 3-6m; hnyav-lub luag haujlwm ntsuas tshuab; ncav cuag ntev; loj txoj kab uas hla (DN150/DN200); siab txaus
Features: Tau tshaj cov tsheb ciav hlau ntev ntawm lub tsheb tank; muaj peev xwm ua tau ntev -kev ncua deb ntawm ntau lub tsheb; txhawb nqa tsis tu ncua loading / unloading yam tsis muaj uncoupling
Daim ntawv thov: roj Crude, aviation kerosene, diesel, liquefied hydrocarbons, bulk tshuaj raw khoom; refinery railway spurs, railway freight oil depots
3. Marine Loading/Unloading Arms (Terminal/Port-specific arms)
Structure: Ntxiv-ntev ntau-section swivel caj npab; nruab nrog yoj them nyiaj thiab tso tawm thaum muaj xwm ceev; resistant rau marine corrosion
Sub- hom: Roj tanker caj npab, LNG caj npab cryogenic, tshuaj tanker caj npab
Daim ntawv thov: ntug hiav txwv dej / dej hiav txwv chaw nres nkoj; loading / unloading ntawm cov roj crude, refined roj, LNG, thiab kua tshuaj (tus qauv khoom rau cov roj / tshuaj terminals xws li Dar es Salaam thiab Chaw nres nkoj Shanghai)
4. Lub dav hlau refueling caj npab
Me me, telescopic, kaw caj npab; mob siab rau aviation kerosene; hloov roj los ntawm tshav dav hlau depots mus rau aircraft tis inlets
II. Los ntawm Loading/Unloading Interface Method (Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv rau ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb kev cai)
1. Sab saum toj -Loading Arms (Ib leeg ua kua theem / Npog roj-kua dual-theem)
Coaxial gas-liquid enclosed top-loading caj npab
1) Standard ib leeg- yeeb nkab saum- thauj khoom caj npab Tso yeeb nkab txuas mus rau hauv lub tank qhib; tsis muaj vapor rov qab; tus nqi qis thiab cov qauv yooj yim. Haum rau: diesel, hnyav roj, roj lubricating, asphalt, qis- cov khoom lag luam tsis hloov pauv, thiab laus dua, me - teev cia depots. 2) Gas-kua dual-theem kaw sab saum toj- chaw thau khoom caj npab (V- hom coaxial loading caj npab): vaporously rov qab los ua tau raws li VOC cov qauv emission. Haum rau: roj av, methanol, benzene, thiab volatile toxic media; yuav tsum tau ua rau cov qauv roj tshiab.
2. Hauv qab -loading caj npab (API txheem hauv qab loading; mainstream xaiv rau ib puag ncig ua raws)
Structure: Txuas mus rau API qhuav - tawg ceev - txuas txuas rau hauv qab ntawm lub tanker; tag nrho cov txheej txheem kaw tsis muaj txaws; nta integrated vapor rov qab thiab kaw thaum muaj xwm ceev -off.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo: Tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tsawg, tsis muaj qhov zoo li qub -inducing splashing, siab tshaj kev nyab xeeb.
Daim Ntawv Thov: Roj av, ethanol, naphtha, roj teeb muaj teeb meem; Cov khoom siv txheem rau cov loj loj hauv tsev refined roj depots thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm tshuaj lom neeg muaj kev phom sij.
III. Kev faib tawm los ntawm kev xa tawm nruab nrab & tshwj xeeb ua haujlwm
1. Txheem loading caj npab rau ambient -kub roj (carbon steel)
Media: Roj av, diesel, kerosene, roj crude, lubricating roj; Qhov kub thiab txias: 0-80 ° C.
2. Corrosion-Resistant chemical loading caj npab
1) PTFE-lined loading caj npab: Carbon steel nrog PTFE hauv ob sab phlu; resistant rau muaj zog acids thiab alkalis (hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, kua caustic soda, acetone, acetic acid); tus nqi-zoo. 2) Txhua yam -stainless steel (304/316L) thauj khoom caj npab: Daim iav- polished tiav, tsis muaj qhov tuag; 304 haum rau nruab nrab / me me corrosive media; 316L tiv taus cov tshuaj chloride ions, haum rau cov tshuaj zoo, zaub mov-qib kua, thiab tshuaj.
3. Cryogenic loading caj npab (TBD hom)
LNG cryogenic loading caj npab
Resistant mus rau -196℃cryogenic kub; nta cov raj xa hluav taws xob, nitrogen purging los tiv thaiv icing, thiab tshwj xeeb cryogenic seals.
Media: LNG, kua ammonia, kua oxygen, kua ethylene, LPG.
4. Jacketed heat-tracing loading caj npab (tag nrho- hom tsho tsho)
Muab ob npaug rau- cov kav dej uas muaj cov kav dej uas muaj cov kav dej los yog cov kav dej kub kom tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tw nruab nrab. Media: Asphalt, roj residual, molten sulfur, siab -viscosity resin, hnyav roj nws yooj yim rau solidification thaum lub caij ntuj no
5. Tshwj xeeb thauj caj npab rau liquefied hydrocarbons
Qhuav- tawg couplings, tawg- cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, cov tshuab tso tawm thaum muaj xwm ceev; Media: LPG, kua ammonia, propylene, butane
IV. Los ntawm kev tsav tsheb / kev ua haujlwm
1. Manual loading caj npab: Caij nplooj ntoos hlav-lub tog raj kheej counterweight ntsuas, phau ntawv thawb- rub ua haujlwm; rau qis- ntim ntim, me me depots, thiab tsawg-frequency scenarios
2. Pneumatic loading caj npab: compressed cua lub tog raj kheej tsav lifting thiab tig; rau cov roj loj loj thiab siab -ntau zaus thauj khoom; ua haujlwm- txuag
3. Hluav taws xob / Hydraulic tag nrho tsis siv neeg loading caj npab: Chaw taws teeb PLC tswj, truss-mounted txav; rau ntse depots, loj refining / tshuaj nroj tsuag, thiab automated chaw nres nkoj terminals
V. Los ntawm cov khoom siv kav dej loj
1. 20# Carbon steel loading caj npab: Cov khoom siv roj av dav dav; tus nqi qis tshaj
2. 304 Stainless hlau: cov khoom noj khoom haus, tshuaj corrosive me me, qis -kub lub teeb media
3. 316L Stainless hlau: Chloride- muaj cov xov xwm, muaj zog acids, zoo tshuaj
4. PTFE-lined carbon steel: High corrosive acids/alkalis, organic solvents
5. Lub teeb yuag aluminium alloy: dav hlau refueling, me me - teev loading / unloading ntawm lub teeb media
VI. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev lag luam ib txwm siv
1. Petroleum refining / Finished oil depots: Kaw -loop hauv qab-load caj npab rau cov tsheb thauj khoom, loj- tho sab saum toj- thauj caj npab nrog vapor rov qab rau cov tsheb ciav hlau, marine loading caj npab rau terminals; Media: Roj av, diesel, aviation kerosene, roj crude
2. Cov chaw ua si zoo tshuaj lom neeg: PTFE-txoj hlua loading caj npab, 316L stainless hlau kaw- lub voj ntsaws caj npab; Media: Methanol, acids/alkalis, benzene derivatives, ntau yam organic solvents
3. LNG / Gas cia thiab thauj chaw nres tsheb: Cryogenic loading caj npab, tshwj xeeb liquefied hydrocarbon loading caj npab; Media: LNG, LPG, kua ammonia
4. Asphalt / Hnyav roj cia: Chav -jacketed / tshav kub- taug qab nqa caj npab; Media: Asphalt, roj residual, siab -viscosity tshav kub hloov roj
5. Chaw nres nkoj terminals rau kev lag luam txawv teb chaws (piv txwv li, Shanghai, Dar es Salaam): Marine loading caj npab, siab -flow railcar loading caj npab, tau tshaj thoob ntiaj teb tus qauv steel piping Loading thiab Unloading ntawm Petroleum Export Tank Farms: Qhov tseem ceeb xaiv
1. Txoj kev-raws li cov tsheb thauj khoom (me me- nplai / tawg) → kaw hauv qab- thauj khoom nqa caj npab ( roj av / methanol); yooj yim sab saum toj- chaw thau khoom caj npab tau txais rau tus qauv diesel.
2. Rail-raws li kev hloov pauv ntau yam → Hnyav- lub luag haujlwm, loj- txoj kab uas hla sab saum toj- thauj caj npab nrog dual vapor rov kab.
3. Muaj zog acids thiab corrosive chemicals → PTFE-lined loading caj npab.
4. LNG / Cryogenic liquefied gases → Tshwj xeeb cryogenic loading caj npab nrog thermal rwb thaiv tsev.
5. Marine/Ocean- mus rau nkoj thauj khoom / tshem tawm → Marine loading caj npab (nrog rau kev them nyiaj nthwv dej thiab kev tso tawm thaum muaj xwm ceev).
6. High-viscosity, yooj yim solidifying media → Jacketed (heat-traced) caj npab loading.
